5. RPM安装步骤
  a. 检查是否已安装,grep的-i选项表示匹配时忽略大小写
  [root@localhost JavaEE]#rpm -qa|grep -i mysql
  mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64
  可见已经安装了库文件,应该先卸载,不然会出现覆盖错误。注意卸载时使用了--nodeps选项,忽略了依赖关系:
  [root@localhost JavaEE]#rpm -e mysql-libs-5.1.61-4.el6.x86_64 --nodeps
  2. 安装MySQL的服务器端软件,注意切换到root用户:
  [root@localhost JavaEE]#rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.5.29-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
  安装完成后,安装进程会在Linux中添加一个mysql组,以及属于mysql组的用户mysql。可通过id命令查看:
  [root@localhost JavaEE]#id mysql
  uid=496(mysql)gid=493(mysql) groups=493(mysql)
  MySQL服务器安装之后虽然配置了相关文件,但并没有自动启动mysqld服务,需自行启动:
  [root@localhost JavaEE]#service mysql start
  Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
  可通过检查端口是否开启来查看MySQL是否正常启动:
  [root@localhost JavaEE]#netstat -anp|grep 3306
  tcp 00 0.0.0.0:33060.0.0.0:* LISTEN 34693/mysqld
  c. 安装MySQL的客户端软件:
  [root@localhost JavaEE]#rpm -ivh MySQL-client-5.5.29-2.el6.x86_64.rpm
  如果安装成功应该可以运行mysql命令,注意必须是mysqld服务以及开启:
  [root@localhost JavaEE]#mysql
  Welcome to the MySQLmonitor. Commands end with ; or g.
  Your MySQL connection idis 1
  Server version: 5.5.29MySQL Community Server (GPL)
  Copyright (c) 2000, 2012,Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
  Oracle is a registered trademarkof Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks oftheir respective owners.
  Type 'help;' or 'h' forhelp. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
  mysql>
  d. RPM安装方式文件分布
  Directory
  Contents of Directory
  /usr/bin
  Client programs and scripts
  /usr/sbin
  Themysqldserver
  /var/lib/mysql
  Log files, databases
  /usr/share/info
  Manual in Info format
  /usr/share/man
  Unix manual pages
  /usr/include/mysql
  Include (header) files
  /usr/lib/mysql
  Libraries
  /usr/share/mysql
  Miscellaneous support files, including error messages, character set files, sample configuration files, SQL for database installation
  /usr/share/sql-bench
  Benchmarks