Android动态布局实现多主题切换
作者:网络转载 发布时间:[ 2015/8/18 10:49:11 ] 推荐标签:移动开发 移动测试
之前做过一个项目(随心壁纸),主要展示过去每期的壁纸主题以及相应的壁纸,而且策划要求,好可以动态变换主题呈现方式,这样用户体验会比较好。嗯,好吧,策划的话,咱们也没法反驳,毕竟这样搞,确实很不错。于是开始去研究这方面的东西。
首先,我想到的是照片墙效果,改变图片能有不同的呈现方式。可是这样的话,文字以及更深层的自定义效果,无法实现了。然后,思考了下,决定仿照android原生布局文件解析方式,自己去动态解析布局。
先来看下android 原生布局文件解析流程:
第一步:调用LayoutInflater的inflate函数解析xml文件得到一个view,然后来看看inflate函数:
//使用常见的API方法去解析xml布局文件,
LayoutInflater layoutInflater = (LayoutInflater)getSystemService();
View root = layoutInflater.inflate(R.layout.main, null,false);
第二步:在inflate函数中,获取一个XmlResourceParser来解析xml布局文件,再往下跟inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot):
public View inflate(int resource, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
if (DEBUG) System.out.println("INFLATING from resource: " + resource);
XmlResourceParser parser = getContext().getResources().getLayout(resource);
try {
return inflate(parser, root, attachToRoot);
} finally {
parser.close();
}
}
第三步:inflate函数中会根据布局的节点名创建根视图,接着根据方法中传进来的root参数,判断是否为空,如果不为null,则为该根视图赋予外面父视图的布局参数。接着调用rInflate函数来为根视图添加所有字节点。
public View inflate(XmlPullParser parser, ViewGroup root, boolean attachToRoot) {
synchronized (mConstructorArgs) {
final AttributeSet attrs = Xml.asAttributeSet(parser);
Context lastContext = (Context)mConstructorArgs[0];
mConstructorArgs[0] = mContext; //该mConstructorArgs属性后会作为参数传递给View的构造函数
View result = root;
try {
// Look for the root node.
int type;
while ((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.START_TAG &&
type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
// Empty
}
if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
throw new InflateException(parser.getPositionDescription()
+ ": No start tag found!");
}
final String name = parser.getName(); //节点名,即API中的控件或者自定义View完整限定名
if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) {
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
throw new InflateException("<merge /> can be used only with a valid "
+ "ViewGroup root and attachToRoot=true");
}
rInflate(parser, root, attrs, false);
} else {
// Temp is the root view that was found in the xml
View temp;
if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) {
temp = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
} else {
temp = createViewFromTag(root, name, attrs);
}
ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = null;
if (root != null) {
// Create layout params that match root, if supplied
params = root.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
if (!attachToRoot) {
// Set the layout params for temp if we are not
// attaching. (If we are, we use addView, below)
temp.setLayoutParams(params);
}
}
// Inflate all children under temp
rInflate(parser, temp, attrs, true);
// We are supposed to attach all the views we found (int temp)
// to root. Do that now.
if (root != null && attachToRoot) {
root.addView(temp, params);
}
// Decide whether to return the root that was passed in or the
// top view found in xml.
if (root == null || !attachToRoot) {
result = temp;
}
}
} catch (XmlPullParserException e) {
//...
} finally {
// Don't retain static reference on context.
mConstructorArgs[0] = lastContext;
mConstructorArgs[1] = null;
}
return result;
}
}
第四步:rInflate方法中主要是去递归调用布局文件根视图的子节点。将解析得到的view添加到parentView。
/**
* Recursive method used to descend down the xml hierarchy and instantiate
* views, instantiate their children, and then call onFinishInflate().
*/
void rInflate(XmlPullParser parser, View parent, final AttributeSet attrs,
boolean finishInflate) throws XmlPullParserException, IOException {
final int depth = parser.getDepth();
int type;
while (((type = parser.next()) != XmlPullParser.END_TAG ||
parser.getDepth() > depth) && type != XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT) {
if (type != XmlPullParser.START_TAG) {
continue;
}
final String name = parser.getName();
if (TAG_REQUEST_FOCUS.equals(name)) { //处理<requestFocus />标签
parseRequestFocus(parser, parent);
} else if (TAG_INCLUDE.equals(name)) { //处理<include />标签
if (parser.getDepth() == 0) {
throw new InflateException("<include /> cannot be the root element");
}
parseInclude(parser, parent, attrs); //解析<include />节点
} else if (TAG_MERGE.equals(name)) { //处理<merge />标签
throw new InflateException("<merge /> must be the root element");
} else if (TAG_1995.equals(name)) { //处理<blink />标签
final View view = new BlinkLayout(mContext, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true);
viewGroup.addView(view, params);
} else {
//根据节点名构建一个View实例对象
final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, attrs);
final ViewGroup viewGroup = (ViewGroup) parent;
//调用generateLayoutParams()方法返回一个LayoutParams实例对象,
final ViewGroup.LayoutParams params = viewGroup.generateLayoutParams(attrs);
rInflate(parser, view, attrs, true); //继续递归调用
viewGroup.addView(view, params); //OK,将该View以特定LayoutParams值添加至父View
}
}
if (finishInflate) parent.onFinishInflate(); //完成解析过程,通知..
}
在rInflate方法的37行代码中,final View view = createViewFromTag(parent, name, attrs),由节点名等参数构建的一个view实例对象,由于下面的代码会越来越大,直接贴出主要实现函数,具体可参见Android源码。
/**
* default visibility so the BridgeInflater can override it.
*/
View createViewFromTag(View parent, String name, AttributeSet attrs) {
//...
try {
//...
if (view == null) {
if (-1 == name.indexOf('.')) {
view = onCreateView(parent, name, attrs);
} else {
view = createView(name, null, attrs);
}
}
return view;
} catch (InflateException e) {
//...
}
}
然后再往onCreateView()中跟下去,会发现,它其实主要还是实现了createView();所以我们直接CreateView实现。
protected View onCreateView(String name, AttributeSet attrs)
throws ClassNotFoundException {
return createView(name, "android.view.", attrs);
}
在createView(name, “android.view.”, attrs)中,会用反射机制创建android.view.XXX(比如TextView)的实例对象,并返回。
这也是LayoutInflater.inflate的布局解析流程了。
当你熟悉了流程,接下来为你讲解的,随心壁纸的动态解析布局思路,你基本懂的大半了!
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